{"id":8449,"date":"2017-03-28T17:26:57","date_gmt":"2017-03-28T17:26:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/qu.edu.iq\/repository\/?p=8449"},"modified":"2017-03-28T17:26:57","modified_gmt":"2017-03-28T17:26:57","slug":"%d8%ad%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%b1%d8%ad%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%b1%d8%b2%d8%a7%d9%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/?p=8449","title":{"rendered":"\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[gview file=&#8221;https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2017\/03\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629-2.docx&#8221;][gview file=&#8221;https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2017\/03\/New-Microsoft-Word-Document.docx&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h1><a name=\"_Toc477265748\"><\/a>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h1>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0647\u0645 \u00a0\u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0648\u0628 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0644\u062c\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a .<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0630 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0645 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0630 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627 , \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0633\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0624\u0644 .<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 :- <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0647 .<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1><a name=\"_Toc477265776\"><\/a>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/h1>\n<p><strong>\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0643 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0635\u0628\u062d \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632\u0647\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0649 \u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0634\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0636\u0649 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u062a\u0647 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062a \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062e\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a .<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0637\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646 .<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1958 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 .<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0648\u0627\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1958 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1958 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a .<\/strong><\/p>\n<h1><a name=\"_Toc477265777\"><\/a>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/h1>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u062f. \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 : \u0627\u0645\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062c 4 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 <\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0632 , \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0637 11 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 1983 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f 1986<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0639\u0644\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062c 4 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0628\u062d<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f. \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 : \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 : \u0645\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0646\u0634\u0631<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646 : \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a , \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a ,1998,<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 20\/11\/1998 \u0637\u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (1409) \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1955<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f. \u062d\u0641\u064a\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f , \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 , \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0634 : \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 ) \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (11) \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 (31) \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2001<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f. \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0641 : \u0642\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629, \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 ,1999<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u0648 \u062f. \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0634 : \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645<\/strong><strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a, \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1980.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0641 : \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 . 2009<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f. \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u062d\u0632\u0628\u0648\u0646 , \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 11 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1987<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0641<\/strong><strong> , \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 , \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1982.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 1973<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f. \u0639\u0635\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e : \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 1980<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0636\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 , \u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f 1984<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062c3 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f 1983<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0633\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0624\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a 1991<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 13 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1993<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f. \u0633\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f 1979<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0631\u0632\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a , \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 , \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 1984\/1985 \u0628\u0646\u062f 566<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0634\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646 24\/1\/199<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f. \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u062c\/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f 1991<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f.\u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a<\/strong><strong> , \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0631.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0621 &#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.\u0623<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 &#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;\u0628 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..\u062c\u0640<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265748\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>1<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265749\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>2<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265750\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>2<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265751\"><strong>\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>2<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265752\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 :- \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>2<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265753\"><strong>\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064f :- \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 .<\/strong> <strong>2<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265754\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b :- \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0629<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>3<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265755\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b : \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621:-<\/strong> <strong>4<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265756\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a : \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>5<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265757\"><strong>\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b :- \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>5<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265758\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b:- \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>5<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265759\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064b :- \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 .<\/strong> <strong>6<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265760\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/strong><strong>.. <\/strong><strong>7<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265761\"><strong>\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>7<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265762\"><strong>\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b :- \u064a\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a .<\/strong> <strong>7<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265763\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b :- \u064a\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 .<\/strong> <strong>7<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265764\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627 :- \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a .<\/strong> <strong>9<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265765\"><strong>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b :- \u064a\u0642\u0633\u0645\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>9<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265766\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>11<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265767\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>11<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265768\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 : \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0647 .<\/strong> <strong>11<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265769\"><strong>\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b :- \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>11<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265770\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b :- \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>13<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265771\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a : \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u00a0 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>15<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265772\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a :-<\/strong> <strong>16<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265773\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/strong><strong>.. <\/strong><strong>18<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265774\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a :-<\/strong> <strong>18<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265775\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b :- \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623<\/strong> <strong>20<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265776\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>23<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_Toc477265777\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>24<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[gview file=&#8221;https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2017\/03\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629-2.docx&#8221;][gview file=&#8221;https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2017\/03\/New-Microsoft-Word-Document.docx&#8221;] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u00a0 \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 &#8230; <a class=\"cz_readmore\" href=\"https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/?p=8449\"><i class=\"fa fa-sign-out\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span>\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":41,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[40],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8449","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-40"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8449","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/41"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8449"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8449\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8449"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8449"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8449"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}