{"id":41318,"date":"2026-02-13T11:54:13","date_gmt":"2026-02-13T08:54:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/?p=41318"},"modified":"2026-02-13T11:58:00","modified_gmt":"2026-02-13T08:58:00","slug":"%d8%af-%d8%b9%d8%a8%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%b8%d9%85-%d8%b9%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%b2-%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%ac%d9%88%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/?p=41318","title":{"rendered":"\u062f.\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=””]<\/p>\n

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  1. \n

    – \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0631\u062f\u0631 (M.U. R.D.E.R) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n

    \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 ( RAFT) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n

    – \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a>“<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
  4. \n

    \u00a0\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0629.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
  5. \n

    \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 (PECS) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
  6. \n

    \u00a0\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
  7. \n

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  8. \n

    \u00a0\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    [vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=””] – \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0631\u062f\u0631 (M.U. R.D.E.R) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062b\u0631 … <\/i>\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":42,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-41318","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-4","category-9"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41318","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/42"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=41318"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41318\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":41321,"href":"https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41318\/revisions\/41321"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=41318"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=41318"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/repository.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=41318"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}